All MPEP Chapters

Chapter 2500

Maintenance Fees

Chapter 2500 covers maintenance fees for utility patents. Fees due at 3.5, 7.5, and 11.5 years from grant with 6-month grace periods. Key rule: design patents and plant patents do NOT require maintenance fees — only utility patents do.


Core Concepts

Maintenance Fee Schedule — 35 USC 41 / MPEP 2510 Three maintenance fees for utility patents: due at 3.5 years, 7.5 years, and 11.5 years from patent grant date. Each has 6-month grace period: actually due windows are 3-3.5 years, 7-7.5 years, 11-11.5 years. No surcharge if paid within window. Surcharge if paid during 6-month grace period after window.

Grace Period and Surcharge — MPEP 2530 6-month grace period after each due window: 3.5-4 years, 7.5-8 years, 11.5-12 years. Surcharge required during grace period. After grace period expires: patent expires — no further extension without petition for revival.

Expiration and Revival — MPEP 2590 Failure to pay within grace period = patent expires. Revival available if delay was unintentional. Petition for revival must include: (1) unintentional statement, (2) all unpaid fees, (3) surcharge. Intentional delay: no revival available.

Who Pays — MPEP 2520 Patent owner responsible. Small entity and micro entity discounts apply — must be established at time of payment. Maintenance fees not required for design patents, plant patents, or reissue of design/plant patents.

Government Owned Patents — MPEP 2515 US government-owned patents: maintenance fees may be waived. Foreign government owned patents: must pay maintenance fees.


Key Rules

1.Maintenance fees: utility patents ONLY — not design, not plant patents
2.Due dates: 3.5, 7.5, 11.5 years from grant
3.Grace period: 6 months after each due date — surcharge applies
4.After grace period: patent expires — revival requires unintentional statement
5.Small entity/micro entity discounts must be established at payment time
6.Intentional non-payment: no revival available
7.Three fees total — missing any one expires the patent

EXAM TIP

Two most tested points: (1) Maintenance fees apply ONLY to utility patents — design and plant patents are exempt. (2) Due dates are 3.5, 7.5, 11.5 from GRANT date — not filing date. The exam will try to confuse grant date vs filing date.


Common Traps

1.Thinking design or plant patents require maintenance fees — they do not
2.Calculating maintenance fee due dates from filing date instead of grant date
3.Missing that surcharge applies during grace period, not just after
4.Thinking any revival is available for intentional non-payment — only unintentional
5.Forgetting that small entity status must be established at time of payment

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Sections

2501Introduction
2504Patents Subject to Maintenance Fees
High Yield
2506Times for Submitting Maintenance Fee Payments
2510Submission of Maintenance Fee Payments and Documents
2515Information Required for Submission of Maintenance Fee Payment
2520Maintenance Fee Amounts
2522Methods of Payment
2530Special Acceptance of Maintenance Fee Payments Containing Informalities
2531Payment Late or Insufficient
2532Duplicate Payments
2540Fee Address for Maintenance Fee Purposes
2542Change of Correspondence Address
2550Entity Status Discounts
2560Revocation of Power of Attorney and Withdrawal of Attorney
2570Maintenance Fee Payment Status Requests
2575Notices
2580Review of Decision Refusing to Accept and Record Payment of a Maintenance Fee Filed Prior to Expiration of Patent
2590Acceptance of Delayed Payment of Maintenance Fee in Expired Patent to Reinstate Patent
2591Intervening Rights in Reinstated Patents
2595Forms